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International Immunology Advance Access originally published online on August 16, 2006
International Immunology 2006 18(9):1397-1404; doi:10.1093/intimm/dxl073
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© The Japanese Society for Immunology. 2006. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

CD1d-restricted NKT cell activation enhanced homeostatic proliferation of CD8+ T cells in a manner dependent on IL-4

Naoko Ueda1, Hiroko Kuki1, Daisuke Kamimura1,2, Shinichiro Sawa1, Kenichiro Seino3, Takuya Tashiro3, Ken-ichi Fushuku3, Masaru Taniguchi3, Toshio Hirano1,2 and Masaaki Murakami1

1 Laboratory of Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan
2 Laboratory for Cytokine Signaling, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology (RCAI), 230-0045 Yokohama, Japan
3 Laboratory for Immune Regulation, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology (RCAI), 230-0045 Yokohama, Japan

Correspondence to: M. Murakami; E-mail: murakami{at}molonc.med.osaka-u.ac.jp

CD1d-restricted NKT cells are activated by TCR-mediated stimulation via CD1d plus lipid antigens such as alpha-galactosylceramide ({alpha}-GalCer). These cells suppressed autoimmunity and graft rejection, but sometimes enhanced resistance to infection and tumor immunity. This double-action phenomenon of NKT cells is partly explained by cytokines produced by NKT cells. Therefore, roles of cytokines from activated NKT cells have been extensively examined; however, their roles on T cell homeostatic proliferation in lymphopenic condition have not been investigated. Here, we showed that {alpha}-GalCer enhanced homeostatic proliferation of CD8+ but not CD4+ T cells and this effect of {alpha}-GalCer was required for NKT cells. IL-4 was essential and sufficient for this NKT cell action on CD8+ T cell homeostatic proliferation. Importantly, the expression of IL-4R{alpha} and STAT6 in CD8+ T cells was essential for the NKT activity, indicating a direct action of IL-4 on CD8+ T cells. Consistent with this, the level of IL-4R{alpha} expression on memory phenotype CD8+ T cells was higher than that on naive phenotype one and CD4+ T cells. Thus, these results showed the ‘involvement’ of IL-4 that is produced from activated NKT cells for CD8+ T cell homeostatic proliferation in vivo.

Keywords: NKT cells, homeostatic proliferation, CD8+ T cells, IL-4

Transmitting editor: S. Koyasu


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