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International Immunology Advance Access originally published online on December 22, 2005
International Immunology 2006 18(2):355-362; doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh374
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© The Japanese Society for Immunology. 2005. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Lipoprotein is a predominant Toll-like receptor 2 ligand in Staphylococcus aureus cell wall components

Masahito Hashimoto1, Kazuki Tawaratsumida1, Hiroyuki Kariya1, Kazue Aoyama2, Toshihide Tamura2 and Yasuo Suda1

1 Department of Nanostructure and Advanced Materials, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-40, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
2 Department of Microbiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan

Correspondence to: M. Hashimoto; E-mail: hassy{at}eng.kagoshima-u.ac.jp

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) derived from Staphylococcus aureus is reported to be a ligand of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). In this study, we demonstrated that lipoproteins obtained from S. aureus are potent activators of TLR2. A fraction obtained by Triton X-114 phase partitioning activated cells through TLR2. The fraction contained proteins and LTA. The activity was detected in compounds in a mass range of 12–40 kDa. Proteinase K digested the active compounds into lower molecular weight active materials <10 kDa. In contrast, hydrofluoric acid treatment, which decomposes LTA, did not alter the molecular mass of the active compounds. Further, most of the activity was abrogated by lipoprotein lipase digestion. These results suggested that lipoproteins are predominant TLR2 ligands in S. aureus cell wall components.

Keywords: innate immunity, lipoteichoic acid, PAMPs, TLR, Triton X-114

Transmitting editor: M. Miyasaka


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