International Immunology Advance Access originally published online on April 19, 2004
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International Immunology, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 777-786,
June 2004
© 2004 Japanese Society for Immunology
PYNOD, a novel Apaf-1/CED4-like protein is an inhibitor of ASC and caspase-1
Center for the Development of Molecular Target Drugs, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
Correspondence to: T. Suda; E-mail: sudat@kenroku.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
Transmitting editor: T. Watanabe
Recently, a large subfamily of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-containing proteins that have an N-terminal pyrin-like domain and C-terminal leucine-rich repeats has been described. In this study, we identified PYNOD, a novel member of this family that lacks the leucine-rich repeats. We found that human PYNOD mRNA is expressed in various tissues and at high levels in heart, skeletal muscle and brain. It is also expressed in various cell lines, including haematopoietic cell lines. PYNOD oligomerizes and binds to ASC, an adaptor protein that plays a role in apoptotic and inflammatory signal transduction, and to caspase-1 and IL-1ß. PYNOD inhibits apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC)-mediated NF-
B activation and apoptosis, and caspase-1-mediated IL-1ß maturation, and it does so in the presence and absence of constitutively active mutants of CARD12 and PYPAF1, which are enhancers of these processes. Thus, PYNOD is a novel regulator of apoptosis and inflammation.
Keywords: apoptosis, IL-1ß, inflammation, NF-B
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