International Immunology, Vol. 15, No. 7, pp. 827-835,
July 2003
© 2003 Japanese Society for Immunology
Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors reduce human dendritic cell inflammatory cytokine production and Th1-polarizing capacity
1 Pfizer Global Research and Development, Fresnes Laboratories, 94265 Fresnes, France 2 Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Correspondence to: C. Moulon, RMF Dictagene, Chemin de la Vulliette 4, 1000 Lausanne 25, Switzerland. E-mail: Corinne.Moulon{at}dictagene.ch
Transmitting editor: M. Feldmann
Inhibitors of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 have been shown to inhibit inflammatory mediator release and T cell proliferation, and are considered candidate therapies for Th1-mediated diseases. However, little is known about how PDE4 inhibitors influence dendritic cells (DC), the cells responsible for the priming of naive Th cells. Therefore, we investigated the PDE profile of monocyte-derived DC, and whether PDE4 inhibitors modulate DC cytokine production and T cell-polarizing capacity. We mainly found cAMP-specific PDE4 enzymatic activity in both immature and mature DC. In contrast to monocytes that mainly express PDE4B, we found that PDE4A is the predominant PDE4 subtype present in DC. Immature DC showed reduced ability to produce IL-12p70 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-
upon lipopolysaccharide or CD40 ligand (CD40L) stimulation in the presence of PDE4 inhibitors, whereas cytokine production upon CD40L stimulation of fully mature DC in the presence of PDE4 inhibitors was not affected. Exposure to PDE4 inhibitors for 2 days during DC maturation did not influence T cell-stimulatory capacity or acquisition of a mature phenotype, but increased the expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Furthermore, DC matured in the presence of PDE4 inhibitors showed reduced capacity to produce IL-12p70 and TNF- upon subsequent CD40L stimulation. Using these PDE4 inhibitor-matured DC to stimulate naive T cells resulted in a reduction of IFN-
-producing (Th1) cells. These findings indicate that PDE4 inhibitors can affect T cell responses by acting at the DC level and may increase our understanding of the therapeutic implication of PDE4 inhibitors for Th1-mediated disorders.
Keywords: dendritic cell, human, inflammation, Th1, Th2
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