International Immunology, Vol. 14, No. 5, pp. 445-451,
May 2002
© 2002 Japanese Society for Immunology
BY55/CD160 acts as a co-receptor in TCR signal transduction of a human circulating cytotoxic effector T lymphocyte subset lacking CD28 expression
1 INSERM 448, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, 8 rue du général Sarrail, 94010 Créteil, France
The first two authors M. Nikolova and A. Marie-Cardine contributed equally to this work
Correspondence to: A. Marie-Cardine; E-mail: marie-cardine@im3.inserm.fr
Transmitting editor: W. Knapp
In the present study, we examined the role of the recently identified glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface molecule BY55, assigned as CD160, in TCR signaling. CD160 is expressed by most intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and by a minor subset of circulating lymphocytes including NK, TCR
and cytotoxic effector CD8bright+CD28– T lymphocytes. We report that CD160, which has a broad specificity for MHC class Ia and Ib molecules, behaves as a co-receptor upon T cell activation. Anti-CD160 mAb enhance the CD3-induced proliferation of freshly isolated CD160-enriched peripheral blood lymphocytes and CD160+ T cell clones. Further, the engagement of CD160 receptors on normal clonal T lymphocyte populations lacking CD4, CD8 and CD28 molecules by MHC class I molecules results in an increased CD3-induced cell proliferation. Further, we found that CD160 co-precipitates with the protein tyrosine kinase p56lck and tyrosine phosphorylated 
chains upon TCR–CD3 cell activation. Thus, we demonstrate that CD160 provides co-stimulatory signals leading to the expansion of a minor subset of circulating lymphocytes including double-negative CD4/CD8 T lymphocytes and CD8bright+ cytotoxic effector T lymphocytes lacking CD28 expression.
Keywords: cytotoxic T lymphocyte, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored receptors, intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes, T lymphocyte co-receptor, TCR lymphocyte activation
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