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International Immunology, Vol. 13, No. 7, 959-967, July 2001
© 2001 Japanese Society for Immunology

A soluble form of CD83 is released from activated dendritic cells and B lymphocytes, and is detectable in normal human sera

Barry D. Hock, Masato Kato,1, Judith L. McKenzie and Derek N. J. Hart,1 Haematology/Immunology Research Group, Christchurch Hospital and Christchurch School of Medicine, Christchurch, New Zealand

Correspondence to: D. N. J. Hart, Mater Medical Research Institute, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia

CD83 is an inducible glycoprotein expressed predominantly by dendritic cells (DC) and B lymphocytes. Expression of membrane CD83 (mCD83) is widely used as a marker of differentiated/activated DC but its function and ligand(s) are presently unknown. We report the existence of a soluble form of CD83 (sCD83). Using both a sCD83-specific ELISA and Western blotting, we could demonstrate the release of sCD83 by mCD83+ B cell and Hodgkin's disease-derived cell lines, but not mCD83– cells. Inhibition of de novo protein synthesis did not affect the release of sCD83 during short-term (2 h) culture of cell lines although mCD83 expression was significantly reduced, suggesting sCD83 is generated by the release of mCD83. Isolated tonsillar B lymphocytes and monocyte-derived DC, which are mCD83low, released only low levels of sCD83 during culture. However, the differentiation/activation of these populations both up-regulated mCD83 and increased sCD83 release significantly. Analysis of sera from normal donors demonstrated the presence of low levels (121 ± 3.6 pg/ml) of circulating sCD83. Further studies utilizing purified sCD83 and the analysis of sCD83 levels in disease may provide clues to the function and ligand(s) of CD83.

Keywords: CD83, dendritic cell, soluble

1 Present address: Mater Medical Research Institute, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia

Transmitting editor: J. Banchereau


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