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International Immunology, Vol. 13, No. 12, 1541-1550, December 2001
© 2001 Japanese Society for Immunology

Divergence in the degree of clonal expansions in inflammatory T cell subpopulations mirrors HLA-associated risk alleles in genetically and clinically distinct subtypes of childhood arthritis

Lucy R. Wedderburn, Alka Patel, Hemlata Varsani and Patricia Woo1

Rheumatology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH and
1 Department of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University College London, 46 Cleveland Street, London W1T 4JF, UK

Correspondence to: L. R. Wedderburn; E-mail: L.Wedderburn{at}ich.ucl.ac.uk

Clinically distinct forms of childhood arthritis are associated with different risk alleles of polymorphic loci within the MHC, which code for the antigen-presenting class I or class II molecules. We have compared the TCR diversity of synovial T cells from children with enthesitis-related (HLA-B27+) arthritis and oligoarticular arthritis (with class II MHC risk allele associations) in parallel with peripheral blood T cells from each child, using a high-resolution heteroduplex TCR analysis. We demonstrate that multiple clonal T cell expansions are present and persistent within the joint in both groups, but that there is disease-specific divergence in the dominant T cell subset containing these expansions. Thus, the largest clonotypes within the inflamed joints of children with class II-associated arthritis are within the CD4+ synovial T cell population, while the dominant clones from children with enthesitis-related arthritis (associated with a class I allele) are within the CD8+ synovial T cell population. These data provide powerful data to support the concept that recognition of MHC–peptide complexes by T cells plays a role in the pathogenesis of juvenile arthritis.

Keywords: autoimmunity, clonotype, expansion, heteroduplex, HLA-B27, HLA-DRB1, human, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, memory, TCR

Transmitting editor: E. Simpson


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