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International Immunology, Vol. 12, No. 6, 807-815, June 2000
© 2000 Japanese Society for Immunology

The adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A increases the function of antigen-presenting cells

Geneviève De Becker, Véronique Moulin, Bernard Pajak, Claudine Bruck1, Myriam Francotte1, Clotilde Thiriart1, Jacques Urbain and Muriel Moser

Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Rue des Prof. Jeener et Brachet 12, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
1 Smith-Kline Beecham Biologicals, Rue de l'Institut 89, 1330 Rixensart, Belgium

Correspondence to: M. Moser

The induction of immune responses in vivo is typically performed with antigens administered in external adjuvants, like alum, complete Freund's adjuvant, LPS and, more recently, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL). However, the role of the adjuvant is still poorly defined. The aim of this study was to test whether the MPL affects the function of antigen-presenting cells (APC) in vitro and in vivo. Antigen-pulsed APC [including macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells (DC)] were incubated or not with MPL, and their ability to sensitize naive T cells was tested in vitro and in vivo. The data show that MPL enhances the ability of macrophages and B cells to sensitize naive T cells, and confers to them the capacity to induce the development of Th1 and Th2. Administration of MPL i.v. in mice results in the redistribution of fully mature DC in the T cell area of the spleen. These observations suggest that MPL may induce an antigen-specific primary immune response by provoking the migration and maturation of DC that are the physiological adjuvant of the immune system.

Keywords: adjuvant, in vivo animal models, primary response, Th1, Th2

The first two authors contributed equally to this work

Transmitting editor: J. Banchereau


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