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International Immunology, Vol. 12, No. 2, 161-168, February 2000
© 2000 Japanese Society for Immunology

Transduction of a murine dominant negative activation transcription factor 1 increases cell surface expression of the class I MHC on a human epidermoid tumor cell line

Akihiro Ishizu, Keisuke Sawai, Hiroshi Ikeda, Tadamichi Hirano, Nobuhisa Ishiguro and Daniel Meruelo

Department of Pathology and Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA

Correspondence to: D. Meruelo

The transcription of the MHC class I genes is regulated by interaction of cis-elements, located in the 5' genomic flanking regions, with sequence-specific trans-factors. We have identified a cis-regulatory element, 5'-TGACGCG-3', of the H-2Dd gene. This cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate regulatory element (CRE)-like sequence, named H-2 binding factor 1 (H-2 BF1) binding motif, is highly conserved among species. In addition, we found that homo- and heterodimers of activation transcription factor 1 (ATF-1) and CRE binding protein (CREB) associate with the H-2 BF1 binding motif and activate transcription of the H-2Dd gene. Here we demonstrate that a homologue of ATF-1, originally isolated and designated ATF-1DN, acts as a dominant repressor, blocking the ability of wild-type ATF-1 and CREB to bind to the H-2 BF1 probe in electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). We have utilized this molecule to analyze the participation of the H-2 BF1 complexes, consisting of the H-2 BF1 binding motif and ATF-1/CREB trans-factors, in the physiological regulation of MHC class I expression in tissue culture cells. A human epidermoid carcinoma cell line, A431, was transfected with ATF-1DN and clones expressing the gene transcripts were selected. When analyzed in the EMSA, nuclear proteins prepared from these clones exhibited a decreased shift of the H-2 BF1 probe corresponding to the levels of the ATF-1DN gene expression. Additionally, MHC class I expression of cells with reduced H-2 BF1 activity was significantly higher than in control cells lacking ATF-1DN. These findings indicate that in these carcinoma cells, the H-2 BF1 complexes negatively regulate the constitutive expression of MHC class I.

Keywords: H-2 BF1, H-2Dd, CREB, cis-regulatory element, trans-activating factor

Transmitting editor: T. Sasazuki


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