International Immunology, Vol. 11, No. 4, 617-621,
April 1999
© 1999 Japanese Society for Immunology
Single-cell analysis by RT-PCR reveals differential expression of multiple type 1 and 2 cytokine genes among cells within polarized CD4+ T cell populations
Leukocyte Biology Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Post Office Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland 4029, Australia
Correspondence to: A. Kelso
RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of IFN-
, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10 mRNAs by single murine CD4+ T cells activated either in a strongly type 1-polarized mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) or in the type 2-polarized response to immunization with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in alum. The frequencies of expression of each cytokine differed markedly between the two responses, consistent with their polarization at the population level. However, most cells expressed only none to three of the six cytokines assayed, few displayed the canonical type 1 profile and none in either response expressed a full type 2 or type 0 profile. A significant fraction of cells co-expressed IFN- with IL-4 and/or other type 2 cytokines at frequencies that suggested that most of these genes were independently regulated. Collectively, these single-cell expression patterns indicate that polarization at the population level can mask substantial intercellular heterogeneity, and show directly that multiple type 1 and 2 cytokines can be expressed simultaneously in an individual T cell.
Keywords: IFN-, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, mixed lymphocyte reaction, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, Th1, Th2, Th0
1 Present address: Peptech Ltd, Locked Bag 2053, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
Transmitting editor: D. Tarlinton
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. J. Turner, N. L. La Gruta, J. Stambas, G. Diaz, and P. C. Doherty Differential tumor necrosis factor receptor 2-mediated editing of virus-specific CD8+ effector T cells PNAS, March 9, 2004; 101(10): 3545 - 3550. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. Johnson, E. O. Costelloe, D. R. Fitzpatrick, J. B. A. G. Haanen, T. N. M. Schumacher, L. E. Brown, and A. Kelso Single-cell perforin and granzyme expression reveals the anatomical localization of effector CD8+ T cells in influenza virus-infected mice PNAS, March 4, 2003; 100(5): 2657 - 2662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. J. Cousins, T. H. Lee, and D. Z. Staynov Cytokine Coexpression During Human Th1/Th2 Cell Differentiation: Direct Evidence for Coordinated Expression of Th2 Cytokines J. Immunol., September 1, 2002; 169(5): 2498 - 2506. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Kelso, E. O. Costelloe, B. J. Johnson, P. Groves, K. Buttigieg, and D. R. Fitzpatrick The genes for perforin, granzymes A-C and IFN-{gamma} are differentially expressed in single CD8+ T cells during primary activation Int. Immunol., June 1, 2002; 14(6): 605 - 613. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Q. Sun, R. L. Burton, and K. G. Lucas Cytokine production and cytolytic mechanism of CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes in ex vivo expanded therapeutic Epstein-Barr virus-specific T-cell cultures Blood, May 1, 2002; 99(9): 3302 - 3309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. B. Campbell, T. Komata, and A. Kelso CD4 Ligation Promotes the IL-4-Independent Development of IL-4-Producing Clones from Naive CD4+ T Cells J. Immunol., November 15, 2001; 167(10): 5610 - 5619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Wang and T. Mosmann In Vivo Priming of Cd4 T Cells That Produce Interleukin (Il)-2 but Not IL-4 or Interferon (Ifn)-{gamma}, and Can Subsequently Differentiate into IL-4-Or IFN-{gamma}-Secreting Cells J. Exp. Med., October 15, 2001; 194(8): 1069 - 1080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Kishikawa, J. Sun, A. Choi, S.-C. Miaw, and I-C. Ho The Cell Type-Specific Expression of the Murine IL-13 Gene Is Regulated by GATA-3 J. Immunol., October 15, 2001; 167(8): 4414 - 4420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Panus, L. J. McHeyzer-Williams, and M. G. McHeyzer-Williams Antigen-Specific T Helper Cell Function: Differential Cytokine Expression in Primary and Memory Responses J. Exp. Med., November 6, 2000; 192(9): 1301 - 1316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Coronella, P. Telleman, T. D. Truong, F. Ylera, and R. P. Junghans Amplification of IgG VH and VL (Fab) from single human plasma cells and B cells Nucleic Acids Res., October 15, 2000; 28(20): e85 - e85. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Hume Probability in transcriptional regulation and its implications for leukocyte differentiation and inducible gene expression Blood, October 1, 2000; 96(7): 2323 - 2328. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Moulin, F. Andris, K. Thielemans, C. Maliszewski, J. Urbain, and M. Moser B Lymphocytes Regulate Dendritic Cell (Dc) Function in Vivo: Increased Interleukin 12 Production by DCs from B Cell-Deficient Mice Results in T Helper Cell Type 1 Deviation J. Exp. Med., August 21, 2000; 192(4): 475 - 482. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. G. Doyle, K. Buttigieg, P. Groves, B. J. Johnson, and A. Kelso The Activated Type 1-Polarized Cd8+ T Cell Population Isolated from an Effector Site Contains Cells with Flexible Cytokine Profiles J. Exp. Med., October 18, 1999; 190(8): 1081 - 1092. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Guo, V. Casolaro, E. Seto, W.-M. Yang, C. Chang, M.-C. Seminario, J. Keen, and S. N. Georas Yin-Yang 1 Activates Interleukin-4 Gene Expression in T Cells J. Biol. Chem., December 21, 2001; 276(52): 48871 - 48878. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|